Disability adjusted life years (DALY) is the best measure of the overall burden of a disease in a defined population. It is also the best measure of the effectiveness of interventions.
DALY is calculated as – Years of lost life prematurely (YLL) + Years lost to disability (YLD). It can measure both mortality and disability together.
As DALY is affected by premature loss of life, conditions that affect younger individuals like road traffic accidents have a high DALY. In comparison to this, Alzheimer’s disease has a lower DALY as it is a disease that mostly develops during old age and so has a lower YLL.

The annual blood examination rate (ABER) is used to measure the operational efficiency of the National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP).

The correct order for the process of communication is:
Sender Message Channel Receiver Feedback
The sender (communicator) is the originator of the message. A message is the information which the communicator transmits to his audience. Channel is the media of communication between the sender and the receiver (e.g., interpersonal communication, mass media, traditional or folk media). The audience who receives, understands, and acts upon the message is called the receiver. Feedback is the reaction to the message which flows from the receiver to the sender.

Under the Anemia Mukt Bharat scheme, lactating mothers of 0-6 month-old children are given a daily dose of 60 mg of elemental iron and 500 micrograms of folic acid, not a weekly dose.
Weekly iron and folic acid are given to women of reproductive age (non-pregnant, non-lactating), school- going adolescent girls and boys 10-19 years of age, and out-of-school adolescent girls 10-19 years of age.

The time interval between the receipt of infection by a host and the maximal infectivity of that host is known as the generation time.
The time of maximum communicability may precede or follow the incubation period.

The Ujjawala Scheme is for the prevention of trafficking and for the rescue, rehabilitation, and reintegration of victims of trafficking for commercial sexual exploitation.
The Ujjwala Yojana (note spelling without “a”) is for providing 5 crores of free cooking LPG connections to all families below the poverty line till 2019.
The Ujala Scheme (Unnat Jyoti by Affordable LEDs and Appliances for All) is the largest domestic lighting project in the world, launched under the Ministry of Power. It aims at promoting the use of energy-efficient LED bulbs in every household in the country.

The given image is of SAPANA for leprosy. Sapana refers to a local school-going girl who will help to spread awareness in the community.

Increasing the utilization of health services is not a component of socialized medicine.
It refers to the provision of medical service through the state funds; however, it is operated and regulated by professional groups. Russia was the first to completely socialize medicine.
It eliminates competition among physicians as well as ensures social equity and universal health coverage.

Correct Answer – Kata thermometer
Kata thermometer is used to measure the low air velocity rather than the cooling power of the air.
It was originally used to measure the cooling power of the air (air temperature, humidity, and air movement) but currently, it is used only as an anemometer to measure low air velocities.

The Sanchol cholera vaccine is a bivalent vaccine given in 2 liquid doses orally to children >=1 year of age.
The Sanchol cholera vaccine is a bivalent oral cholera vaccine (OCV) that targets both Vibrio cholerae 01 and Vibrio cholerae 0139 serogroups, which are the primary causes of cholera outbreaks. It is designed to provide immunity by stimulating the production of antibodies in the intestines, the site of infection.